Autism Soccer: Down Syndrome: Learn About the Chromosome 21 Trisomy

This is an anomaly in the number of chromosomes, specifically in pair 21, where there are 2 of them instead three.

Down syndrome might be one of the most-known genetic syndromes, as it’s present in 1 of every 700 births in the US only, although this number can change according to the mother’s age. In 2016, an estimate of 250,000 families were affected by this chromosomal disorder. The survival rate after infancy has increased drastically, as well as their lifestyle quality. Special programs and various activities have made it easier for them to be incorporated into the academic and professional world. In fact, thanks to these initiatives, these children can live their lives as normally as someone with their condition could possibly live.

These are certain physical traits that are common among children who are born with Down syndrome:

Slanted palpebral fold.
Round face.
Flat nasal bridge.
Protruding tongue.
Small mouth (with narrow roof).
Low muscle tone.
Flat head.
Stunted growth.

While these physical features might indicate the condition, other symptoms associated with the syndrome might not be as obvious. Breathing problems related to pulmonary hypertension are frequent and need to be monitored before irreversible damage is done. Epilepsy is also present in 10% of the cases during childhood, increasing significantly once they reach adulthood. Upper spine problems are also common and they should be treated before doing physical activities. Eye complications as cataracts and strabismus are common too, as well as hearing impairments. Intellectual disabilities are part of the general diagnosis and they usually prevent them from reaching an IQ higher than 70, variating from mild to severe impairment.

These problems do not impede them from being curious and methodical, as they can pick up patterns and follow them according to the instructions. While their mental development might be a bit behind than other kids their age, they are able to learn and enjoy activities as well. Parents and caretakers should impulse and stimulate them to participate in groups and should raise awareness for others who might not know how to work with kids with their condition, in order to make their interactions easier and more comfortable.

People who are closely related to these children know the importance of teaching their kids that they can be a part of society, regardless of their particular condition. That’s why it’s key to incorporate them into activities, such as sports, which they can enjoy with their peers. Autism Soccer offers them an alternative to work as a team with other kids who can relate to them while having fun and the much-needed physical exercise to improve their health.