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| Some types of ASD involve a certain degree of intellectual deficiency. On the other hand, it's usual for those affected by the Asperger's syndrome to have an IQ higher than the average. |
Autism is a disorder of a biological origin and a genetic component that qualitatively affects various psychological functions such as social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, symbolization and imagination, rigid, inflexible and stereotyped modes of behavior, and restricted and obsessive interests.
Some types of ASD involve a certain level of intellectual deficiency; meanwhile, on the other hand, it’s usual for those affected by the type of autism known as Asperger's syndrome to have an IQ higher than the average.
Autism and education
Establishing an educational strategy for students diagnosed with ASD is difficult because of the existence of differences in the level of intelligence, capacity, and potential of the children. The most advisable one, said by experts, is that the children carry out their education in an ordinary classroom.
Boys and girls with autism are part of the group of students with special educational needs and will always present problems in some specific areas, whether it's in a greater or lesser level.
Problems of social interaction
- Isolation and lack of social and affective contact with people.
- Category of empathy and inability to express their own feelings.
- Alterations of behavior, repetitive or disruptive behavior.
- Cognitive disorders.
- Deficit in communication and language (verbal and non-verbal).
- Motor problems, with great variations between one case and another. Movement and coordination issues are observed.
These problems require specific educational needs in which the main objective is to alleviate, strengthen, and improve as far as possible the alterations in the cognitive, intellectual, and social level of these students.
The general objectives of educational strategies in autistic children should have the following goals:
- Power the autonomy and personal independence of the child.
- Develop self-control of their behavior and their adaptation to the environment.
- Improve the social skills of students, promoting their ability to develop in the environment and understanding and monitoring of norms, keys, and social and emotional conventions.
- Develop functional, spontaneous, and generalized communication strategies.
- To promote communicative intention and reciprocity in communication.
- Develop basic cognitive processes.
The activities focused on autistic children in each of the strategies must be very functional, organized, and structured. Clear and simple.
For the activities, visual supports like drawings, photos, and posters are very useful in autistic children as not only a reminder but also a motivational reinforcement of daily actions and tasks.
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| The experts consider that the most beneficial thing for these children, except for the most severe cases, is that they carry out their education in the ordinary classroom. |
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